Your understanding might be that your mother will always drive you to school if you miss the bus. Both comprehension and understanding can be used to talk about someone's ability to understand something. Understanding a concept means you get it.
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Understanding implies abilities and dispositions with respect to an object. Or about how something works: Understanding is a relation between the knower and an object of understanding.
Knowledge about a subject, situation, etc.
How to use understanding in a sentence. He noted bond's apparent lack of. The meaning of understanding is a mental grasp : Comprehension usually used with of.